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Related Experiment Videos

Adrenal imaging

M Korobkin1, I R Francis

  • 1University of Michigan Hospitals, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor 48109-0030, USA.

Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Imaging techniques like CT and MRI help detect adrenal masses. Differentiating benign from malignant masses, including metastases, is crucial. This review covers methods for characterizing adrenal masses, aiding diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality for detecting adrenal masses.
  • Adrenal masses are found incidentally or during investigations for metastatic disease.
  • Characterizing adrenal masses, especially differentiating benign adenomas from non-adenomatous lesions like metastases, is clinically significant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and illustrate adrenal imaging findings in patients with specific adrenal endocrine syndromes.
  • To review current methods for characterizing adrenal masses.
  • To discuss the advantages and limitations of various adrenal mass characterization techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomography (CT) for initial detection and assessment.

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  • Radionuclide scintigraphy (NP-59 for cortical, MIBG for medullary) as an adjunct.
  • Review of percutaneous adrenal biopsy, unenhanced CT densitometry, and opposed-phase chemical shift MRI for mass characterization.

    • Main Results:

    • CT effectively detects or excludes adrenal masses in patients with endocrine syndromes.
    • Most adrenal masses exhibit nonspecific CT features, necessitating further characterization.
    • Specific imaging findings can suggest adrenal hemorrhage or myelolipoma, but differentiation from other masses remains challenging.

    Conclusions:

    • CT is the initial imaging choice for adrenal masses, particularly in endocrine syndromes.
    • Radionuclide scintigraphy aids in functional characterization of adrenal masses.
    • A combination of imaging techniques, including biopsy and advanced MRI, is often required to accurately characterize adrenal masses and differentiate benign from malignant lesions.