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Spectrum of infections in Indian children with nephrotic syndrome

S Gulati1, V Kher, A Gupta

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|August 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Infections are common in children with nephrotic syndrome, affecting 38%. Higher cholesterol and lower albumin levels are linked to increased infection risk in pediatric nephrotic syndrome patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder affecting children.
  • Infections are a significant concern in children with nephrotic syndrome.
  • Understanding infection patterns is crucial for managing pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the types and frequency of infections in children with nephrotic syndrome.
  • To identify risk factors associated with infectious complications in this population.
  • To evaluate the impact of infections on mortality in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 154 children diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and infection types.
  • Statistical analysis compared children with and without infectious complications.

Main Results:

  • 38% of children experienced infectious complications, most commonly urinary tract infections, pulmonary tuberculosis, and peritonitis.
  • Infectious complications were associated with higher serum cholesterol and lower serum albumin levels.
  • Children with frequent relapses, steroid dependence, or non-response to treatment had a higher infection frequency.
  • Two of three deaths were attributed to infections.

Conclusions:

  • Infectious complications are prevalent in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
  • Serum lipid and albumin levels may serve as indicators for infection risk.
  • Close monitoring and management of infections are vital in children with nephrotic syndrome, especially those with frequent relapses or steroid dependency.

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