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Growth hormone and malnutrition in dialysis patients
1Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada.
Objective:
To review the normal function of the growth hormone (GH) insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, how it is altered in end-stage renal failure, how this may contribute to malnutrition in dialysis patients, and how therapy with recombinant human growth hormone (rHuGH) and recombinant human IGF-I (rHuIGF-1) might be used to treat malnutrition in these patients.
Data Sources:
Studies in the literature dealing with the GH-IGF endocrine axis and its role in uremic malnutrition.
Study Selection:
Eight studies in which uremic adults were treated with either rHuGH or rHuIGF-I.
Data Extraction:
Data were abstracted from all of these studies.
Results:
The review shows that there are marked abnormalities of the GH-IGF axis in uremic patients and that these lead to a state of GH resistance, which can be overcome by pharmacological doses of rHuGH. A small number of clinical studies in uremic adults suggests that both rHuGH and rHuIGF-I have dramatic beneficial effects on nutritional status in these patients.
Conclusions:
rHuGH and rHuIGF-I have both been shown to have a beneficial effect on nutritional status in short-term studies on small numbers of patients. Further studies need to be done for longer periods in larger groups of patients. Areas for additional research are suggested.