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Cognitive problems in the elderly

G Dal Forno¹, C H Kawas

¹Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Neurology

|August 1, 1995

Summary

This review explores cognitive changes in normal aging, distinguishing it from dementia. It examines factors influencing memory and cognition in older adults, including genetics and neuropsychology.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

Cognitive function naturally declines with age.
Distinguishing normal aging from dementia is crucial for timely intervention.
Age-associated memory impairment represents a potential intermediate stage.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the literature on cognitive changes during normal aging.
To discuss the continuum from normal aging to dementia.
To explore various factors contributing to cognitive changes in the elderly.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis.
Discussion of epidemiological findings.
Analysis of genetic, radiological, neuropsychological, and endocrine data.

Main Results:

Cognitive changes in aging are multifaceted.
Multiple factors influence cognitive trajectories.
Age-associated memory impairment is a recognized phenomenon.

Conclusions:

Understanding normal aging cognition is key to identifying pathological changes.
A continuum likely exists between normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia.
Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for comprehending cognitive aging.

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