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Gastroduodenal disorders associated with emesis in infants
1Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|August 1, 1995
Summary
Emesis in newborns and infants has varied causes, but timing and character offer diagnostic clues. Prompt fluid correction and imaging are key to managing infant vomiting and reducing complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Emesis (vomiting) is frequent in newborns and infants.
- Causes are often nonspecific, necessitating careful evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the assessment and management of emesis in infants.
- To highlight the importance of clinical clues and diagnostic tools.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation, including timing and character of emesis.
- Discussion of diagnostic modalities: ultrasound, contrast radiography, endoscopy.
- Emphasis on physical examination and fluid/electrolyte balance.
Main Results:
- Infant emesis can be bilious/nonbilious, projectile/nonprojectile, or effortless.
- Gastric origin emesis may present with subtle external signs.
- Diagnostic imaging and endoscopy are crucial for accurate assessment.
Conclusions:
- Prompt correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalances is critical.
- Surgical intervention, when indicated, can significantly reduce infant morbidity from emesis.
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