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Diffusion and perfusion imaging techniques

M R Patel1, B Siewert, S Warach

  • 1Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
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This study reviews diffusion imaging techniques like Stejskal-Tanner and STEAM, and perfusion imaging methods including BOLD, first pass bolus, and EPISTAR. It also examines intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in relation to diffusion and perfusion.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diffusion and perfusion imaging are advanced MRI techniques.
  • Understanding these techniques is crucial for diagnosing various medical conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of diffusion and perfusion imaging techniques.
  • To explain the underlying principles and applications of these MRI methods.
  • To explore the relationship between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and these imaging modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of Stejskal-Tanner and STEAM pulse sequences for diffusion imaging.
  • Review of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map calculation.
  • Explanation of blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) and first pass bolus perfusion techniques.

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  • Introduction to echo-planar imaging with signal targeting and altering radiofrequency (EPISTAR).

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed explanation of the theory and application of various diffusion and perfusion MRI techniques.
    • Clarification of how apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps are generated.
    • Exploration of the theoretical basis of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM).

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides a foundational understanding of key diffusion and perfusion MRI techniques.
    • It highlights the significance of ADC mapping and emerging methods like EPISTAR.
    • The relationship between IVIM, diffusion, and perfusion is examined, offering insights into complex physiological processes.