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[Aging and dying--reflections on statistical figures]

H Schaefer

    Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
    |July 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human aging and mortality patterns have shifted, with "natural" mortality strongly linked to age after 20. This programmed mortality, influenced by genetics and environment, shows distinct patterns across age groups and sexes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Demography
    • Epidemiology

    Context:

    • Human mortality patterns have evolved significantly over centuries.
    • Modern society distinguishes three primary mortality types: early-life, external-force-induced, and age-dependent.
    • Age-dependent mortality, particularly after age 20, exhibits a strong correlation with chronological age.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the distinct patterns of human mortality across different age groups.
    • To investigate the concept of
    • natural
    • mortality and its relationship with environmental factors.
    • To examine age-specific disease susceptibilities and cancer mortality trends.

    Summary:

    • A significant portion of human mortality, after age 20, correlates logarithmically with age, termed "natural" mortality.

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  • This natural mortality is contingent upon a favorable cultural and technical environment and shows stable geographical and temporal slopes, consistent between sexes.
  • Disease mortalities reveal age-specific susceptibilities, while cancer mortality shows site-specific variations ('vicarious mortality') despite overall stability.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the programmed and potentially genetically determined nature of non-violent death.
    • Identifies a distinct change in mortality rate steepness for women after age 60.
    • Provides insights into demographic shifts and the underlying biological and environmental drivers of aging and mortality.