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Fibrinogen and cardiovascular risk

J Heinrich1, G Assmann

  • 1Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, Germany.

Journal of Cardiovascular Risk
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

High plasma fibrinogen levels are linked to increased risk of heart attack and stroke. This blood clotting protein may contribute to cardiovascular disease beyond established risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Ischaemic heart disease and stroke are leading causes of death globally.
  • Established risk factors like smoking and hypertension do not fully explain these events.
  • Thrombosis, particularly coronary thrombi, precipitates many myocardial infarctions and cardiac deaths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of haemostatic variables, specifically plasma fibrinogen, in cardiovascular risk.
  • To determine if plasma fibrinogen is an independent predictor of myocardial infarction and stroke.
  • To explore potential mechanisms by which fibrinogen contributes to atherothrombosis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of prospective studies examining cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Assessment of the association between plasma fibrinogen levels and the severity/extent of atherosclerosis.
  • Evaluation of fibrinogen as a predictor of myocardial infarction and stroke in different sexes.

Main Results:

  • Plasma fibrinogen levels correlate with the severity and extent of coronary, cerebral, and peripheral atherosclerosis.
  • Elevated fibrinogen is an independent predictor of myocardial infarction in both men and women.
  • Fibrinogen is also an independent predictor of stroke in men.
  • Fibrinogen may influence atherothrombosis through mechanisms including promoting atherosclerosis, aiding platelet aggregation, and increasing plasma viscosity.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma fibrinogen levels provide additional cardiovascular risk information beyond established factors.
  • Further research is needed to clarify if high fibrinogen is a cause or consequence of cardiovascular disease.
  • Standardization of fibrinogen measurements is required before its routine inclusion in cardiovascular risk scores.

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