Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...

Sympathetic Activation

Sympathetic Activation

The sympathetic division can influence tissues and organs by releasing norepinephrine at peripheral synapses and distributing epinephrine and norepinephrine through the bloodstream. In times of crisis or stress, sympathetic activation occurs, which is regulated by sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus. As a result, sympathetic activation prepares the body for physical exertion, rapid ATP production, and heightened alertness, allowing individuals to respond effectively to challenging or...

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

Pathophysiology of Vomiting

Vomiting is a complex physiological response to expel harmful or irritating substances from the body. It's a defensive mechanism triggered by stimuli like poisons, microbial toxins, cytotoxic drugs, and mechanical abdominal distension. The process is centrally coordinated by the vomiting (or emetic) center located in the medulla of the brainstem. This area, rich in muscarinic M1, histamine H1, neurokinin 1 (NK1), and serotonin 5-HT3 receptors, coordinates the act of vomiting through...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Father-separation and well-being in forcibly displaced Syrian children.

Attachment & human development·2024

Same author

Effect of hospitalization on equine local intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentration measured in feces.

Journal of equine veterinary science·2024

Same author

[DDB2-associated incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in Haflingers: risk minimization by genotyping].

Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde·2023

Same author

Metabolically defined body size and body shape phenotypes and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Cancer medicine·2023

Same author

Magnetic charge propagation upon a 3D artificial spin-ice.

Nature communications·2021

Same author

Optimal symptom combinations to aid COVID-19 case identification: Analysis from a community-based, prospective, observational cohort.

The Journal of infection·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Brain stem activation in spontaneous human migraine attacks

C Weiller¹, A May, V Limmroth

¹Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Germany.

Nature Medicine

|July 1, 1995

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Brain stem activation is key in migraine pathophysiology. Positron emission tomography revealed persistent brain stem activity even after headache relief, suggesting its central role in migraine.

More Related Videos

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

Published on: November 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders

Published on: November 1, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurology

Background:

Animal studies suggest brain stem involvement in migraine.
Migraine pathophysiology requires further investigation in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate human migraine using positron emission tomography.
To examine regional cerebral blood flow changes during migraine attacks.

Main Methods:

Positron emission tomography (PET) was used.
Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured as an index of neuronal activity.
Evaluated spontaneous migraine attacks and response to sumatriptan.

Main Results:

Increased rCBF observed in cerebral hemispheres (cingulate, auditory, visual cortices) and brain stem during attacks.
Brain stem activation persisted after sumatriptan-induced relief of headache and sensory symptoms.
Cerebral hemisphere activation normalized post-treatment.

Conclusions:

Migraine pathogenesis may involve an imbalance in brain stem nuclei activity.
Brain stem nuclei regulating antinociception and vascular control are implicated.
Persistent brain stem activation suggests a crucial role in migraine maintenance.