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Primary prevention in perspective

H R Lamb, J Zusman

    The American Journal of Psychiatry
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Primary prevention of mental illness lacks clear goals and evidence of effectiveness. More research is needed, but funding should not divert from essential mental health treatments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Mental health research
    • Public health policy
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Primary prevention strategies for mental illness face conceptual challenges.
    • Ambiguity exists regarding the goals: preventing diagnosable illness versus general well-being.
    • The role of societal stress in mental illness and distinctions between major/minor conditions are unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To critically examine the conceptual underpinnings of primary mental illness prevention.
    • To evaluate the current evidence base for the effectiveness of primary prevention programs.
    • To propose recommendations for future research and funding of mental health prevention initiatives.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and conceptual analysis of primary prevention in mental health.

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  • Examination of existing evidence for the efficacy of prevention programs.
  • Discussion of policy implications for mental health funding.

    • Main Results:

    • Limited evidence supports the effectiveness of primary prevention for most mental health conditions.
    • Significant conceptual ambiguity hinders the development and evaluation of prevention efforts.
    • Societal stress as a cause and the distinction between major/minor mental illness require further clarification.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary mental illness prevention requires clearer definitions and stronger empirical support.
    • Dedicated and separate funding is recommended for prevention research and evaluation.
    • Existing mental health resources should prioritize direct treatment over unproven prevention programs.