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Related Experiment Videos

Protracted neurotoxicity from chlordane sprayed to kill termites

K H Kilburn1, J C Thornton

  • 1Environmental Sciences Laboratory, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Chlordane exposure in 1987 led to long-term neurobehavioral and psychological impairments in adults, affecting balance, reaction times, and cognitive functions. These findings highlight the central nervous system as a key target for this insecticide.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurotoxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chlordane is a persistent organochlorine insecticide.
  • Widespread environmental contamination can lead to human exposure.
  • Long-term health effects of chlordane exposure require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term neurobehavioral and psychological effects of chlordane exposure in adults.
  • To compare neurobehavioral functions between exposed individuals and a referent group.
  • To identify specific cognitive, motor, and mood deficits associated with chlordane exposure.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study design was used, analyzing 216 adults exposed to chlordane in 1987 and 174 referent adults in 1994.
  • Neurobehavioral functions were measured using tests for reaction time, balance, cognitive abilities, and memory.

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  • Symptom frequency, mood status, and medical history were assessed via questionnaires.

    • Main Results:

    • Exposed individuals showed significant impairments in balance, reaction times, cognitive processing (Culture Fair, digit symbol), verbal recall, and trail-making compared to referents.
    • Elevated mood-state scores and increased frequencies of respiratory, neurobehavioral, and rheumatic symptoms were reported in the exposed group.
    • Long-term memory function remained unaffected, suggesting specific neurophysiological targets.

    Conclusions:

    • Chlordane exposure is associated with persistent neurophysiological and psychological deficits.
    • The central nervous system is a primary target for chlorinated cyclodiene insecticides like chlordane.
    • Prohibition of human exposure to chlordane is recommended based on observed adverse health outcomes.