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Macular pigment density in monozygotic twins
B R Hammond1, K Fuld, J Curran-Celentano
1Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 1, 1995
Summary
Macular pigment density shows variation, not fully genetic. Diet, including fat and fiber, may influence macular pigment levels, suggesting potential for modification for protective purposes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nutritional Science
- Genetics
Background:
- Macular pigment density varies significantly among individuals.
- This variation may be influenced by genetic factors, similar to other ocular pigments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential genetic and dietary influences on macular pigment density.
- To examine the relationship between macular pigment density, serum carotenoids, and dietary patterns in identical twins.
Main Methods:
- Macular pigment optical density was measured psychophysically.
- Serum carotenoid concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography.
- Dietary patterns were assessed via a food-frequency questionnaire.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in macular pigment density were observed in 5 out of 10 identical twin pairs.
- Differences in macular pigment density moderately correlated with variations in dietary intake of fat, iron, fiber, and calories.
- No significant association was found between macular pigment density and serum or dietary carotenoid levels.
Conclusions:
- Macular pigment density is not solely determined by genetics, indicating potential for modification.
- Dietary factors such as fat, iron, and fiber may play a role in influencing macular pigment levels.
- The deposition of macular pigment in the retina is a complex process influenced by multiple variables.
