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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Simulating Hemodynamic Changes in Rat Liver Transplant Model
Published on: March 6, 2021
Hemodynamic and calorimetric changes induced by microcystin-LR in the rat
R D LeClaire1, G W Parker, D R Franz
1Toxicology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA.
Abstract:
Microcystin-LR, a cyclic peptide from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, given at acutely toxic doses causes severe hepatic interstitial hemorrhage. Hemodynamic, calorimetric and acid-base balance changes after i.v. microcystin were measured. The effect of isoproterenol, dopamine, methylprednisolone and whole-blood volume expansion on the immediate hemodynamic effects after toxin administration were also evaluated. A dose of 100 micrograms kg-1 was invariably lethal for rats in all studies. Pathophysiological changes included: a sustained, rapid decline in cardiac output and stroke volume; an acute hypotension responsive to volume expansion with whole blood; a decreased heart rate, responsive to both isoproterenol and dopamine; an early decline in oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and metabolic rate accompanied by progressive hypothermia; and acid-base balance changes indicating partially compensated metabolic acidosis. The lethal effects of microcystin-LR were previously attributed to hypovolemic shock as a result of hepatic interstitial hemorrhage. These results indicate that, in addition, there may be a cardiogenic component that limits the physiological cardiac reserve, compromising a normal response to circulatory inadequacy.
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