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Related Experiment Videos

Hepatitis C virus seroconversion rate in established blood donors

H I Atrah1, F Hutchinson, D Gough

  • 1West Midlands Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Journal of Medical Virology
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody screening of blood donations revealed a low seroconversion rate in established donors. This suggests continued screening of all donors is crucial for blood safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant risk to blood transfusion safety.
  • Retrospective analysis of blood donations from 1993 was conducted to assess HCV antibody seroconversion rates.

Observation:

  • 237,813 donations from 143,815 donors were analyzed.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) identified 0.22% positive donors, while ELISA and Recombinant Immuno Blot Assay (RIBA) confirmed 0.024% as positive.
  • Three previously negative donors tested positive by both ELISA and RIBA.

Findings:

  • The annual HCV antibody seroconversion rate was determined to be 1 in 35,937 donors.
  • A notable finding was the unexpectedly high positive reaction rates among lapsed blood donors compared to new donors.

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  • The RIBA-positive reaction rate among ELISA-positive donors was significantly higher in males than females.

    • Implications:

    • The calculated seroconversion rate supports the continued screening of all blood donors, not just new ones.
    • The higher prevalence in lapsed donors warrants further investigation into donor behavior and risk factors.
    • Findings highlight the importance of robust screening protocols to ensure blood supply safety.