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Phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) control using a residual pyrethroid insecticide
1United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, Nairobi.
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
|June 1, 1995
Summary
Cyfluthrin insecticide effectively controlled sand flies in Kenya for 12 weeks by treating their habitats. This residual spray reduced adult sand fly populations by 90% for two weeks, offering a new control strategy.
Area of Science:
- Medical Entomology
- Vector Control
- Environmental Toxicology
Background:
- Leishmaniasis is transmitted by Old World phlebotomine sand flies.
- Sand flies inhabit and rest in termite mounds and animal burrows.
- Existing control strategies for sand flies require novel approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cyfluthrin as a residual insecticide for controlling sand fly vectors.
- To assess the efficacy of cyfluthrin applied to termite mounds and animal burrows.
- To develop a new strategy for leishmaniasis vector control.
Main Methods:
- Field evaluation of cyfluthrin as a residual spray (1.5% AI) in Baringo District, Kenya.
- Application of cyfluthrin/corn oil mixture to termite mounds and animal burrows using a hand-pumped sprayer.
- Monitoring sand fly populations inside treated structures and via light traps.
Main Results:
- Cyfluthrin provided effective sand fly control within treated animal burrows and termite mounds for up to 12 weeks.
- A significant reduction (up to 90%) in adult sand fly numbers was observed for 2 weeks post-treatment.
- The study demonstrated the potential of habitat-based insecticide application.
Conclusions:
- Cyfluthrin applied to sand fly habitats offers short-term area control of adult sand flies.
- This method presents a viable new strategy for managing leishmaniasis vectors.
- Further research into long-term efficacy and application methods is warranted.