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Sequential memory in children with and without language impairment

R B Gillam1, N Cowan, L S Day

  • 1Program in Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Texas at Austin, USA.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Children with language impairment show a larger suffix effect in serial recall tasks, indicating difficulties with auditory memory. This suggests a reliance on acoustic speech representations.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Children with language impairment (LI) often exhibit difficulties in various cognitive domains.
  • Serial recall, a measure of working memory, is sensitive to phonological processing abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate serial recall abilities in children with LI compared to typically developing peers.
  • To examine the impact of phonological interference (suffix effect) on memory performance in children with LI.

Main Methods:

  • Participants included children with LI and age/reading-matched controls.
  • Digit lists exceeding memory span were presented for written or oral recall.
  • A suffix effect was assessed by including a final nonword item to interfere with recall.

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Main Results:

  • Children with LI demonstrated a significantly larger suffix effect than controls.
  • This deficit was specific to serial position scoring, not item presence or sequence recall.
  • Overall recall accuracy was comparable across groups when not considering serial position.

Conclusions:

  • Children with LI may have a heightened sensitivity to phonological interference in serial recall.
  • This suggests a greater reliance on less analyzed acoustic-phonetic speech representations in children with LI.
  • Working memory deficits in LI may be linked to the nature of phonological encoding and storage.