Potency (minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration) of isoflurane is independent of peripheral anesthetic effects

The spinal cord is an important site where inhaled anesthetics suppress movement in response to noxious stimuli. Inhaled anesthetics also act in peripheral tissues, although it is unclear whether these actions influence anesthetic requirements. In six isoflurane-anesthetized mongrel dogs, we placed Y cannulas in the lower aorta and vena cava, allowing us to divert blood to, and infuse blood from, a bubble oxygenator/roller pump system or to maintain normal blood flow. This technique permits a greatly diminished isoflurane concentration at the site of the noxious stimulus (tail), while maintaining isoflurane in the remainder of the body. After baseline minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC1) was determined, venous blood from the lower body was diverted to the bubble oxygenator and reinfused into the lower body via the aortic cannula; MAC2 was determined with isoflurane in the lower body at approximately 0.2%, and MAC3 was determined with isoflurane in the lower body matched to the end-tidal isoflurane. Bypass was terminated, the native circulation established, and MAC4 determined. MAC1, 2, 3, and 4 were (mean +/- SD) 1.3 +/- 0.3%, 1.2 +/- 0.1%, 1.2 +/- 0.2%, and 1.1 +/- 0.2%, respectively (P > 0.05). We conclude that the peripheral effects of isoflurane do not influence the response to a noxious stimulus.