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[The reverse-flow lateral sural cutaneous artery island flap: anatomical study]
Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Waikf [I.E. Waike] Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery and Burns
|January 1, 1995
Summary
The lateral sural artery provides an excellent donor site for skin flaps. This study details its anatomy and vascular connections for effective reconstructive surgery around the lower leg and knee.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Vascular Surgery
- Microsurgery
Context:
- Understanding the vascular anatomy of the lower leg is crucial for successful flap design.
- The lateral sural artery is a key vessel for reconstructive procedures.
Purpose:
- To investigate the detailed circulatory pattern of the lateral sural artery and its perforators.
- To evaluate the suitability of the lateral sural artery skin flap for various reconstructive applications.
Summary:
- Microsurgical dissection, dye injection, and angiography in 50 cadaveric lower legs revealed constant superficial descent of the lateral sural artery with nerves.
- An anastomosis (anastomotic arcus) between the lateral sural cutaneous artery and peroneal perforating artery was observed in 88.6% of specimens around the lateral malleolus.
- The peroneal perforating vessel's length allows for a 6-8 cm pedicle extension, and flap creation does not compromise lower leg blood supply or function.
Impact:
- The lateral sural island flap is versatile for repairing defects around the knee and upper tibia (anterograde transfer).
- Retrograde transfer of this flap demonstrates higher clinical value for defects in the distal lower leg and medial malleolus.
- This anatomical study provides essential data for optimizing flap selection and surgical technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery.