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Two-year inhalation toxicity study in rats with hydrochlorofluorocarbon 123
L A Malley1, M Carakostas, J F Hansen
1E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, Newark, Delaware 19714, USA.
Summary
Long-term exposure to hydrochlorofluorocarbon 123 (HCFC-123) in rats showed increased tumor incidence in the liver, pancreas, and testes, but also improved survival and reduced age-related lesions at higher doses.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Oncology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Hydrochlorofluorocarbon 123 (HCFC-123) is an industrial chemical with potential health implications.
- Evaluating chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the chronic toxicity and oncogenicity of HCFC-123 in a long-term rodent study.
- To determine dose-response relationships for observed effects.
Main Methods:
- Male and female rats were exposed to HCFC-123 (0, 300, 1000, or 5000 ppm) for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 2 years.
- Clinical pathology, hepatic cell proliferation, beta-oxidation activity, and histopathology were evaluated.
- Interim and terminal examinations were conducted at 12 and 24 months, respectively.
Main Results:
- Lower body weight and weight gain were observed at higher HCFC-123 concentrations.
- Increased incidences of benign hepatocellular adenomas, pancreatic acinar cell adenomas, and testicular interstitial adenomas were noted in exposed groups.
- Survival rates were higher in rats exposed to 1000 and 5000 ppm HCFC-123.
- Hepatic beta-oxidation activity increased, indicating peroxisome proliferation.
Conclusions:
- HCFC-123 exposure is associated with increased tumor development in multiple organs in rats.
- Despite tumor findings, higher exposure levels correlated with improved survival and reduced age-related lesions.
- The results highlight a complex toxicological profile for HCFC-123 requiring careful risk management.