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Clindamycin-induced colitis

R Fekety, J Silva, R A Browne

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A hamster model shows that toxigenic Clostridium difficile causes enterocolitis. Oral vancomycin or metronidazole prevent disease, but it recurs upon discontinuation. Cholestyramine prolonged survival but did not prevent colitis.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Animal Models

    Background:

    • Clindamycin-induced enterocolitis in hamsters mimics human disease.
    • Toxigenic, clindamycin-resistant Clostridium difficile is implicated as the causative agent.
    • Understanding treatment efficacy requires a reliable animal model.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of various drugs in treating clindamycin-induced enterocolitis in hamsters.
    • To assess the role of Clostridium difficile in this hamster model of colitis.
    • To determine if specific treatments can prevent or mitigate fatal colitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of enterocolitis in hamsters using clindamycin.
    • Administration of various therapeutic agents including vancomycin, metronidazole, cholestyramine, corticosteroids, and atropine-diphenoxylate.

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  • Observation and recording of disease progression, survival rates, and clinical signs of colitis.

    • Main Results:

    • Oral vancomycin and metronidazole were effective in preventing colitis as long as administered.
    • Discontinuation of antibiotics led to fatal colitis in almost all cases.
    • Cholestyramine administration prolonged hamster survival but did not prevent colitis or death.
    • Corticosteroids and atropine-diphenoxylate showed no beneficial effect on the disease course.

    Conclusions:

    • The hamster model is a valuable tool for studying treatments for Clostridium difficile-associated enterocolitis.
    • Antibiotic therapy for this condition requires careful consideration of treatment duration and potential for recurrence.
    • Further research into novel therapeutic strategies is warranted for managing severe enterocolitis.