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Brain stem evoked response audiometry in newborn hearing screening

C Schulman-Galambos, R Galambos

Archives of Otolaryngology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)

|February 1, 1979

Summary

Brain stem evoked response audiometry (BERA) screening identified severe hearing loss in 1 in 50 infants requiring neonatal intensive care. This highlights the need for careful auditory testing in high-risk newborns.

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Neonatal care
Pediatric audiology

Background:

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants are at higher risk for hearing loss.
Early detection of hearing impairment is crucial for developmental outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of Brain Stem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) for auditory screening in newborns.
To determine the incidence of hearing loss in infants who underwent neonatal intensive care.

Main Methods:

BERA was used to screen three groups of infants: normal-term newborns, NICU graduates tested at discharge, and older NICU graduates.
Conventional audiometry confirmed all BERA-identified abnormalities.

Main Results:

No hearing abnormalities were detected in 220 normal-term infants.
Severe sensorineural hearing loss was identified in 4 out of 75 NICU infants at discharge (7 ears).
An additional 4 infants among 325 older NICU graduates showed severe sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusions:

The incidence of severe hearing loss is estimated at 1 in 50 among infants requiring neonatal intensive care.
Targeted auditory screening using BERA is essential for high-risk neonatal populations.
Early identification and intervention can mitigate the impact of hearing loss on infant development.

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