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Relations between nutrient intake and serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels

A Gonzalez-Requejo1, M Sanchez-Bayle, J Baeza

  • 1Working Group of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Childhood and Adolescence, Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Dietary fat intake significantly impacts children's lipid profiles. Higher monounsaturated fat consumption is linked to healthier cholesterol and apolipoprotein levels in Spanish children.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Dietary habits in childhood are crucial for long-term health.
  • Understanding the relationship between diet and lipid profiles in children is essential for preventing cardiovascular disease.
  • Previous research has indicated a link between fat intake and lipid levels, but more specific data in pediatric populations is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary patterns and serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in a large cohort of Spanish children.
  • To identify specific dietary components that influence lipid metabolism in pediatric subjects.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey design was employed.
  • 1682 children aged 2-12 years from eleven randomly selected schools in Madrid participated.

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  • Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall method, and data were analyzed by dividing participants into tertiles based on calorie-adjusted consumption of various dietary components.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with higher total fat intake exhibited elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A), and apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B).
    • Increased saturated fat consumption was associated with higher TC, LDL-C, and Apo B, and lower HDL-C and Apo A.
    • Conversely, higher monounsaturated fat intake correlated with increased HDL-C and Apo A, and decreased TC, LDL-C, and Apo B.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary composition plays a significant role in modulating serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in children.
    • Monounsaturated fatty acids appear to have a beneficial effect, acting as modulators of lipid profiles in this pediatric population.