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[Severe hyperbilirubinemia after cisplatin-based chemotherapy]

Y Onishi1, M Hatae, Y Matsuda

  • 1Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagoshima City Hospital.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Cisplatin chemotherapy can cause severe hyperbilirubinemia, a dangerous liver condition, in ovarian cancer patients. This rare side effect requires careful monitoring and potential treatment adjustments.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hepatology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cisplatin is a cornerstone chemotherapy agent for ovarian cancer.
  • Severe hyperbilirubinemia is a rare but serious adverse event associated with chemotherapy.

Observation:

  • Two ovarian cancer patients developed severe hyperbilirubinemia following cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
  • Case 1 experienced fatal hyperbilirubinemia with chronic cholangiolitis after low-dose cisplatin.
  • Case 2 showed recurrent hyperbilirubinemia, resolving with cisplatin cessation and steroid treatment.

Findings:

  • Cisplatin administration was strongly suspected as the causative agent for hyperbilirubinemia in both cases.
  • The liver dysfunction, characterized by elevated bilirubin, appeared dose- and schedule-dependent in one case.

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  • Autopsy in Case 1 revealed chronic cholangiolitis and intrahepatic bile stasis.

    • Implications:

    • Clinicians should be vigilant for hyperbilirubinemia as a potential cisplatin toxicity in ovarian cancer patients.
    • Prompt recognition and management, including potential discontinuation of cisplatin, are crucial.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and identify at-risk patients.