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Related Experiment Videos

Trigeminally triggered epileptic hemifacial convulsions

N Forss1, J P Mäkelä, T Keränen

  • 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland.

Neuroreport
|April 19, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Magnetoencephalography revealed focal epilepsy in the right motor cortex causing hemifacial convulsions, despite prior inconclusive tests. A secondary focus emerged later, triggered by dental stimulation, suggesting links to trigeminal neuralgia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Trigeminally triggered hemifacial convulsions pose diagnostic challenges, often evading standard electrophysiological and imaging techniques.
  • Identifying the precise epileptic focus is crucial for surgical candidacy in refractory epilepsy cases.

Observation:

  • Whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was employed to record brain activity during seizures in a patient with medically intractable left-sided hemifacial convulsions.
  • Previous diagnostic efforts including electroencephalography (EEG), videotelemetry, and positron emission tomography (PET) failed to localize the seizure origin.

Findings:

  • MEG data indicated focal epileptic activity originating in the face area of the right primary motor cortex.
  • A secondary epileptic focus was identified in the left hemisphere, activated 22 milliseconds after the initial focus.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Seizure discharges were successfully triggered by sensory stimulation of the left lower gum.

    • Implications:

    • This study highlights MEG's potential in localizing elusive epileptic foci, particularly in cases of focal motor seizures.
    • The findings suggest a novel seizure generation mechanism potentially linking epilepsy, trigeminal nerve activation, and kindling phenomena.
    • Understanding these connections may inform new therapeutic strategies for similar challenging epilepsy presentations.