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Updated: Oct 9, 2026

Teratoma Generation in the Testis Capsule
Published on: November 7, 2011
Congenital testicular maldescent: significance of the complete hernial sac
S C Donnell1, A M Rickwood, L D Jee
1Department of Paediatric Urology, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, UK.
Objective:
To test the hypothesis that testicular maldescent is rarely congenital in the absence of a complete hernial sac.
Patients And Methods:
The study comprised 110 boys undergoing orchidopexy. Operative findings (complete hernial sac versus no hernial sac) were compared with recorded testicular descent at birth.
Results:
Among 70 testes recorded as maldescended neonatally there was no example without a complete hernial sac at orchidopexy. Among 60 recorded as descended neonatally, 43 had no sac at orchidopexy.
Conclusions:
The findings are consistent with the hypothesis, though not with the proposition, that the presence of a complete hernial sac at orchidopexy constitutes proof of congenital testicular maldescent.
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