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Metallothionein in human seminal plasma
T Suzuki1, K Suzuki, K Nakajima
1Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Summary
Metallothionein (MT) is a protein found in seminal plasma, primarily secreted by the prostate. This study found MT levels correlate with zinc and leukocytes, suggesting its role in binding zinc and potentially indicating prostate inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Clinical Chemistry
- Urology
Background:
- Metallothionein (MT) is a cysteine-rich protein known for its role in metal ion homeostasis and detoxification.
- Previous research suggests MT may be involved in male reproductive health, but its specific functions in seminal plasma are not fully understood.
- Inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles is a potential factor influencing MT secretion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify Metallothionein (MT) concentrations in seminal plasma of fertile and infertile men.
- To investigate the relationship between seminal plasma MT levels and various sperm parameters, leukocyte count, and seminal plasma zinc.
- To explore the correlation between seminal MT and key reproductive hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin).
Main Methods:
- Metallothionein (MT) concentrations were measured in seminal plasma from 39 men (4 fertile, 35 infertile) and in hydrocele and spermatocele fluids.
- Analysis included sperm density, total sperm count, motility, abnormal morphology, leukocyte count, and zinc levels in seminal plasma.
- Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and prolactin were also assessed.
Main Results:
- Metallothionein (MT) was not detected in hydrocele or spermatocele fluids.
- Seminal plasma MT levels showed a positive correlation with zinc levels and leukocyte count.
- No significant correlation was found between MT levels and sperm parameters (density, count, motility, morphology) or reproductive hormones.
Conclusions:
- Metallothionein (MT) is present in seminal plasma and likely originates from the prostate, with its secretion potentially induced by inflammation.
- The findings suggest that MT in seminal plasma primarily binds to zinc, acting as a zinc-binding protein.
- MT levels in seminal plasma are associated with zinc status and inflammation markers (leukocytes) rather than direct effects on sperm quality or hormonal balance.