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Mouse endogenous X-linked genes do not show lineage-specific delayed inactivation during development

J M Lebon¹, P P Tam, J Singer-Sam

¹Department of Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010-0269, USA.

Genetical Research

|June 1, 1995

Summary

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is generally considered complete early in female mouse embryo development. This study confirms complete XCI for endogenous genes by 9.5 days post coitum, challenging prior suggestions of incomplete inactivation.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Genetics
Epigenetics

Background:

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is crucial for dosage compensation in female mammals.
Previous studies suggested XCI might be incomplete in some cell lineages of mouse embryos around 6 days post coitum (dpc).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the completeness of XCI in mouse embryos at 9.5 dpc.
To resolve conflicting data regarding the timing and completeness of XCI.

Main Methods:

Analysis of XCI in mouse embryos carrying the T(X;16)16H translocation.
Quantitative RT-PCR single nucleotide primer extension (SNuPE) assay.
Measurement of allele-specific transcripts for Hprt and Pgk-1 genes.

Main Results:

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No transcripts from the normal X chromosome were detected in any tested tissues at 9.5 dpc.
This indicates complete XCI for the endogenous Hprt and Pgk-1 genes.

Conclusions:

XCI is complete for endogenous genes like Hprt and Pgk-1 by 9.5 dpc in female mouse embryos.
The study supports the established understanding of early and complete XCI, at least for these specific genes.