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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows...
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS
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Microscopic colitis syndrome

B Veress1, R Löfberg, L Bergman

  • 1Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.

Gut
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microscopic colitis, a cause of chronic watery diarrhea, presents in three distinct forms: lymphocytic, collagenous, and mixed. Research suggests an immune reaction, possibly originating in the ileum, drives these conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Microscopic colitis causes chronic watery diarrhea with normal endoscopic findings.
  • Histological subtypes include lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate distinct microscopic colitis subtypes.
  • To investigate the role of myofibroblasts and ileal changes.
  • To explore potential etiological factors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of colorectal biopsy specimens (light microscopy, morphometry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy).
  • Follow-up of patients to assess disease transformation.
  • Investigation of NSAID consumption and ileostomy effects.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct groups identified: lymphocytic colitis (6 patients), collagenous colitis (7 patients), and mixed form (17 patients).
  • No transformation between types observed during follow-up.
  • Increased pericryptal myofibroblasts noted; ileal mucosal changes observed in some cases.
  • Ileostomy reversal led to symptom recurrence in one patient.
  • No association found between NSAID use and collagenous/mixed colitis.

Conclusions:

  • Microscopic colitis likely results from an immunological reaction to luminal antigens, potentially from the ileum.
  • Pericryptal myofibroblasts may contribute to disease development.
  • An inverse relationship between lymphocyte count and collagen thickness suggests a disease spectrum.