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Maternal weight gain pattern and birth weight

B Abrams1, S Selvin

  • 1Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
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Maternal weight gain patterns significantly impact fetal birth weight. Specific patterns, especially during the second trimester, are linked to birth outcomes, highlighting the importance of monitoring gestational weight gain.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is a critical factor influencing fetal development and birth outcomes.
  • Understanding the specific patterns of weight gain throughout gestation is essential for optimizing fetal growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between different patterns of maternal weight gain across trimesters and their impact on fetal birth weight.
  • To determine if specific trimester-based weight gain patterns, independent of total gain, affect birth weight.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2994 uncomplicated pregnancies in nonobese white women.
  • Estimation of maternal weight gain per trimester and overall pattern (low vs. not-low gain).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between weight gain patterns and fetal birth weight, adjusting for covariates.

    • Main Results:

    • Each kilogram of maternal weight gain in the first, second, and third trimesters was associated with increases of 18.0 g, 32.8 g, and 17.0 g in fetal birth weight, respectively.
    • Low weight gain in the first and second, or second and third trimesters, significantly decreased birth weights by 133.0 g and 88.5 g, respectively.
    • These effects were independent of total maternal weight gain, which averaged approximately 11 kg across pattern groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific patterns of maternal weight gain, particularly during the second trimester, are significantly related to fetal birth weight.
    • The timing and pattern of weight gain, not just the total amount, play a crucial role in determining birth weight outcomes.