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HIV-1 in the developing CNS: developmental differences in gene expression

J M Buzy1, L M Lindstrom, M C Zink

  • 1Agency for International Development, USAID, Arlington, Virginia 22209, USA.

Virology
|July 10, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression in the central nervous system (CNS) differs significantly between developing and adult mice. This developmental difference in HIV-1 CNS gene expression may involve distinct cellular transcription factors.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system (CNS) contributes to AIDS dementia.
  • Pathogenic mechanisms of AIDS dementia remain unclear, despite high rates of CNS disease in both adult and pediatric AIDS.
  • A transgenic mouse model was developed to study HIV-1 gene expression in the CNS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate developmental differences in HIV-1 gene expression within the CNS.
  • To compare HIV-1 gene expression patterns in embryonic, newborn, and adult transgenic mice.
  • To identify potential cellular factors influencing differential HIV-1 expression during CNS development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transgenic mouse models harboring LTRs from CNS-derived HIV-1 strains (HIV-1JR-CSF and HIV-1JR-FL).

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  • Analyzed HIV-1 gene expression in embryonic, newborn, and adult transgenic mice.
  • Examined expression patterns in the CNS, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia.

    • Main Results:

    • HIV-1 gene expression in the CNS and spinal cord of newborn mice was higher and exhibited different neuroanatomical patterns compared to adults.
    • Transient HIV-1 expression was observed in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of embryos and newborns up to Day 14.
    • In newborn brains, HIV-1 expression occurred in neurons, endothelial cells, and macrophages, unlike the neuron-specific expression in adults.

    Conclusions:

    • HIV-1 gene expression in the developing CNS differs significantly from that in adult CNS.
    • These developmental differences likely result from temporally regulated cellular transcription factors.
    • The findings suggest HIV-1 may utilize distinct cellular transcription factors in the CNS during different developmental stages.