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The expandable metal stent for tracheal obstruction
A E Boothroyd1, R Edwards, A J Petros
1Department of Radiology, Royal Liverpool Children's NHS Trust.
Insights
A congenital myofibromatosis caused tracheal stenosis in an infant. An expandable metal stent provided immediate relief and long-term success, demonstrating a safe and effective treatment for this rare condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Respiratory Medicine
- Oncology
Background:
- Congenital tracheal stenosis presents a significant challenge in pediatric care.
- Myofibromatosis is a rare benign tumor that can affect various organs, including the trachea.
- Persistent stridor from birth indicated a severe airway obstruction in the infant.
Observation:
- A 10-month-old boy exhibited persistent stridor since birth.
- Imaging and bronchoscopy revealed tracheal narrowing due to myofibromatosis.
- An expandable metal stent was surgically inserted to address the stenosis.
Findings:
- The stent placement resulted in immediate clinical improvement of the stridor.
- No complications were observed during or after the stent insertion procedure.
- Nine-month follow-up bronchoscopy confirmed complete endothelialization of the stent with no granuloma formation.
Implications:
- Expandable metal stents are a viable and safe therapeutic option for congenital tracheal stenosis caused by myofibromatosis.
- This case highlights the potential for successful long-term management of rare pediatric airway tumors.
- Endothelialization of the stent suggests good tissue integration and minimal adverse reactions.
Abstract:
A 10 month old boy with stridor persisting from birth was found to have tracheal narrowing secondary to myofibromatosis of the tracheal wall. An expandable metal stent was positioned across the tracheal stenosis with immediate clinical improvement. There were no complications relating to stent insertion. The child remained clinically asymptomatic and repeat bronchoscopy at nine months' follow up showed that the stent had become completely endothelialised with no evidence of granuloma formation.