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Apical foraminal openings in human teeth. Number and location

J H Gutierrez1, P Aguayo

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, University de Concepcion, Chile.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This study examined 140 human teeth using scanning electron microscopy to analyze root canal anatomy. Findings reveal common deviations from the apex and unique apical configurations in dental foramina.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Anatomy
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Understanding the precise anatomy of human tooth root canals is crucial for successful endodontic treatments.
  • Variations in apical foramen morphology can impact treatment outcomes and predictability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the number, distance from apex, and location of foramina in human permanent teeth.
  • To characterize the anatomical variations of root canal termini.

Main Methods:

  • One hundred forty extracted permanent human teeth were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • SEM was utilized to examine the apical region and identify foramina characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Most specimens exhibited root canals deviating laterally and terminating short of the anatomical apex.

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  • Interradicular openings were observed in some teeth.
  • Unique apical morphologies, resembling a helmet crest, were noted in certain specimens.

    • Conclusions:

    • Significant anatomical variations exist in the apical region of human root canals.
    • These findings highlight the complexity of root canal anatomy, necessitating careful consideration during endodontic procedures.