Evaluating diaphragm activity in trauma patients

The diaphragm is the major respiratory muscle responsible for most of the inspiratory work of breathing. Bedside clinicians often overlook the need to assess the diaphragm or have never focused their attention on understanding the mechanisms behind this muscle. This article updates the trauma nurse on the anatomy and physiology of the diaphragm, reviews current methods for assessing diaphragm activity, and discusses research and diagnostic methods concerning the diaphragm. With heightened awareness of diaphragmatic function, clinicians may be able to improve the respiratory status of the trauma patient by preventing diaphragm fatigue or exhaustion.