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Antigen-presenting function of human peritoneum mesothelial cells

M T Valle1, M L Degl'Innocenti, R Bertelli

  • 1Department of Immunology, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, Italy.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Human mesothelial cells (MC) effectively present antigens to immune cells, suggesting a role in local immunity within the peritoneal cavity. These cells demonstrate antigen-presenting capacity, similar to macrophages, contributing to immune responses against pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Mesothelial cells (MC) line the peritoneal cavity and play a role in immune surveillance.
  • Patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) undergoing peritoneal dialysis have indwelling peritoneal catheters, providing access to peritoneal MC.
  • The immune function of peritoneal MC, particularly their antigen-presenting capacity, is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antigen-presenting capacity of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (MC) in vitro.
  • To determine if MC can process and present both soluble and particulate antigens to lymphocytes.
  • To assess the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on MC antigen presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Human peritoneal MC were cultured from omentum fragments of ESRF patients.

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  • MC were pulsed with soluble antigens (tetanus toxoid, PPD) or particulate antigens (Candida albicans).
  • Antigen presentation was tested using autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and MHC-compatible allogeneic T cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Cultured MC expressed MHC class II molecules and demonstrated effective antigen presentation of both soluble and particulate antigens.
    • MC possess both endocytic/phagocytic activity and antigen processing/presenting capacity.
    • IFN-gamma upregulated MHC class II and ICAM-1 on MC, but its effect on antigen presentation was inconsistent.

    Conclusions:

    • Human peritoneal MC possess significant antigen-presenting capabilities, comparable to macrophages.
    • MC may contribute to local cell-mediated immunity in the peritoneal cavity by activating T cells.
    • These findings highlight the immunological role of mesothelial cells in the peritoneal environment.