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Is time-interval between mini-pill ingestion and breastfeeding essential?

V S Toddywalla1, S B Patel, S S Betrabet

  • 1Institute for Research in Reproduction (Indian Council of Medical Research), Parel, Bombay.

Contraception
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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This study found that levonorgestrel (LNG) levels in breast milk increase over time after maternal ingestion. Waiting between taking the mini-pill and breastfeeding maximizes infant exposure to LNG.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for infant nutrition and health.
  • Contraception is important for mothers postpartum, especially those breastfeeding.
  • Levonorgestrel (LNG) is a progestin hormone used in various contraceptive formulations, including the 'mini-pill'.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel (LNG) in maternal serum and breast milk.
  • To determine the effect of timing maternal mini-pill intake relative to breastfeeding on infant LNG exposure.

Main Methods:

  • 12 healthy, breastfeeding women (20-35 years old) interested in weaning participated.
  • Participants ingested 150 micrograms of levonorgestrel (LNG) on four alternate days over eight days.
Keywords:
AsiaBreast FeedingClinical ResearchContraceptionContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive Agents, ProgestinContraceptive MethodsDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesFamily PlanningHealthIndiaInfant NutritionLevonorgestrelNutritionOral ContraceptivesPopulationPopulation DynamicsProgestins, Low-doseResearch ReportSouthern AsiaTime Factors

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  • Maternal blood and milk samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post-ingestion on study days.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal serum LNG levels showed a time-dependent decrease after ingestion.
    • Breast milk LNG levels demonstrated a time-dependent increase following maternal intake.
    • A delay between mini-pill administration and breastfeeding resulted in higher LNG concentrations in breast milk.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal intake of levonorgestrel (LNG) leads to detectable levels in breast milk.
    • Optimizing the timing between LNG mini-pill intake and breastfeeding can influence infant exposure.
    • Further research is warranted to assess the long-term implications of infant exposure to LNG through breast milk.