Isolation and characterization of a peptide isomerase from funnel web spider venom

A novel peptide isomerase was purified from the venom of funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. The complete primary structure of the isomerase has been established by sequence analyses of polypeptide chains, assignments of disulfide bridges, carbohydrate analyses, and mass spectrometry of sugar chains. The isomerase was found to be a 29-kDa polypeptide that consists of an 18-residue light chain and a 243-residue heavy chain connected by a single disulfide bridge. The heavy chain contains three intramolecular disulfide bridges and one N-linked oligosaccharide chain with a simple trimannosyl core structure. A sequence homology search showed a significant similarity of the enzyme with serine proteases, particularly around a putative catalytic triad of the isomerase. The isomerase specifically interconverts the configuration of Ser46 of a 48-amino-acid peptide, omega-agatoxin-TK, and the conversion rate from L-Ser to D-Ser was approximately two times faster than the reverse reaction.