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Self-perceptions and social comparisons among children with LD

D S Smith1, R J Nagle

  • 1Psychology at Winthrop University, Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA.

Journal of Learning Disabilities
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Children with learning disabilities (LD) reported lower self-perceptions in intelligence, academics, behavior, and social skills compared to their peers. Special education duration and reference group did not influence these findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Special Education

Background:

  • Self-perception is crucial for children's development and academic success.
  • Understanding how learning disabilities (LD) impact self-perception is vital for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the self-perceptions of third- and fourth-grade children with and without learning disabilities.
  • To investigate the influence of special education service duration and reference group on self-perceptions in students with LD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Self-Perception Profile for Learning Disabled Students.
  • Compared 59 children with LD to 57 nondisabled peers.
  • Assessed self-perceptions across intelligence, academic skills, behavior, and social acceptance.

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Main Results:

  • Children with LD perceived themselves as less competent in intelligence, academic skills, behavior, and social acceptance compared to controls.
  • No significant relationship was found between the duration of special education services and self-perception differences.
  • Self-perceptions were not affected by whether students with LD used LD or general education peers as a reference group.

Conclusions:

  • Learning disabilities are associated with significantly lower self-perceptions in multiple domains during middle childhood.
  • Early or prolonged special education services do not appear to mitigate these negative self-perceptions.
  • Interventions should focus on bolstering self-competence in children with LD, irrespective of their reference group.