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Efficiency and proficiency of bimanual cranking: differences between two cranking patterns

N Fujii¹, H Nagasaki

¹Tokyo Metropolitan College of Allied Medical Sciences, Japan.

Perceptual and Motor Skills

|February 1, 1995

Summary

Forward arm ergometer exercise is more efficient and smoother than reverse. This study found improved motor proficiency and reduced energy consumption when cranking forward, suggesting optimal movement for arm ergometer workouts.

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Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Biomechanics

Background:

Arm ergometers are used for exercise testing and training.
Understanding optimal movement patterns is crucial for efficiency and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the efficiency and motor proficiency of forward versus reverse cranking on an arm ergometer.
To assess the impact of cranking direction on physiological and biomechanical outcomes.

Main Methods:

Eight young men performed arm ergometer exercise in both forward and reverse directions.
Heart rate was measured as an indicator of energy expenditure.
Motor proficiency was evaluated using consistency (variability in cycle period, peak velocity, acceleration) and smoothness (jerk cost).

Main Results:

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Forward cranking resulted in lower heart rates (reduced energy consumption) compared to reverse cranking.
Jerk cost, a measure of movement smoothness, was significantly lower during forward cranking.
Consistency metrics also indicated smoother, more controlled movements in the forward direction.

Conclusions:

Forward cranking on an arm ergometer is more efficient and demonstrates superior motor proficiency (smoother movement) compared to reverse cranking.
These findings suggest that optimizing cranking direction can enhance exercise economy and potentially reduce the risk of overuse injuries.