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Ketoconazole in atopic dermatitis: therapeutic response is correlated with decrease in serum IgE

O Bäck1, A Scheynius, S G Johansson

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.

Archives of Dermatological Research
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Specific IgE antibodies to Pityrosporum orbiculare were found in 44% of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Treatment with ketoconazole improved AD clinical scores and reduced P. orbiculare-specific IgE levels.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
  • The role of fungal yeasts like Pityrosporum orbiculare and Candida albicans in AD pathogenesis is under investigation.
  • Specific IgE antibodies may indicate an allergic response to these yeasts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of specific IgE antibodies to P. orbiculare and C. albicans in adult patients with AD.
  • To assess the clinical efficacy of ketoconazole treatment in AD patients with positive P. orbiculare IgE.
  • To explore correlations between specific IgE levels, total IgE, and clinical scores.

Main Methods:

  • Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was used to detect specific IgE antibodies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Adult patients with AD, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and healthy controls were included.
  • A subset of AD patients with positive P. orbiculare RAST received ketoconazole treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • 44% of AD patients (28/63) showed IgE antibodies to P. orbiculare, and 33% (21/63) to C. albicans.
    • No specific IgE antibodies were detected in seborrhoeic dermatitis patients or healthy controls.
    • Ketoconazole treatment led to improved clinical scores and reduced P. orbiculare-specific IgE and total IgE levels.
    • While P. orbiculare-specific IgE did not correlate with clinical scores, C. albicans-specific IgE correlated with both clinical score and total serum IgE.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific IgE antibodies to P. orbiculare are prevalent in adult AD patients.
    • Ketoconazole treatment can improve AD symptoms and reduce P. orbiculare-specific IgE.
    • C. albicans-specific IgE may have a stronger association with AD severity than P. orbiculare-specific IgE.