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Summary
Law enforcement officers exposed to lead at firing ranges experienced neurological and gastrointestinal issues. Blood lead levels were high, indicating a need for medical surveillance and improved ventilation to mitigate lead exposure risks.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Environmental Toxicology
- Forensic Science
Background:
- Law enforcement officers frequently train in firing ranges, potentially leading to occupational exposure to lead.
- Lead exposure is a known neurotoxin with potential adverse health effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate adverse health effects in law enforcement officers due to firing range activities and lead exposure.
- To correlate health symptoms with biological markers of lead exposure.
- To assess lead concentrations in indoor firing range environments.
Main Methods:
- Examination of law enforcement officers for adverse health effects.
- Measurement of blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin levels.
- Environmental surveys of indoor firing ranges to determine air lead concentrations.
Main Results:
- Prominent central nervous system and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed.
- Symptoms correlated with elevated blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin levels.
- Half the officers had blood lead levels >40 microgram/dL; 5% exceeded 60 microgram/dL.
- Indoor firing ranges showed air lead concentrations up to 900 microgram/cu m, exceeding OSHA standards.
Conclusions:
- Lead exposure in firing ranges poses significant health risks to law enforcement personnel.
- Medical surveillance programs for firearms instructors should include lead exposure evaluation.
- Zinc protoporphyrin testing is a practical method for assessing biological effects of lead exposure and should be available for indoor firing range employees.