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Related Experiment Videos

Angio-oedema induced by enalapril

T Forslund1, H Tohmo, G Weckström

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Kymenlaakso Central Hospital, Kotka, Finland.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors like enalapril can cause severe angio-oedema, even months after starting treatment. Promptly stop the medication and seek emergency care if swelling occurs.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension is a common condition often managed with medications.
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely prescribed for hypertension.
  • Combination therapy with enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide is a standard treatment approach.

Observation:

  • A patient developed severe angio-oedema 9 months after starting enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide.
  • The angio-oedema resulted in a near-fatal outcome.
  • Flexible bronchofiberoscope-assisted intubation was required for airway management.

Findings:

  • ACE inhibitor-induced angio-oedema can manifest late in the course of treatment.
  • Facial and laryngeal swelling are serious adverse effects of ACE inhibitors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Even mild swelling necessitates immediate drug cessation.

    • Implications:

    • Physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for ACE inhibitor-related angio-oedema.
    • Early recognition and withdrawal of the offending ACE inhibitor are crucial.
    • Patients experiencing symptoms require urgent hospital referral for emergency management.