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[Mucocutaneous candidiasis in patients with skin diseases]
1Universitäts-Hautklinik, Kiel, BR Deutschland.
Abstract:
We investigated skin diseases associated with mucocutaneous Candida infection by analyzing the clinical records of 44695 in-patients of the department of dermatology of Kiel. For more than eighty skin diseases the relative risk (RR) was calculated by age-and sex-adjusting methods. 1996 patients demonstrated a mucocutaneous candidosis, 14.8% of them being hospitalized because of extensive Candida infection. In patients with dermatomyositis, bullous pemphigus, tinea inguinalis, and condylomata acuminata a Candida infection was observed more than threefold than expected. Furthermore, patients with urticaria, folliculitis, and bullous pemphigoid demonstrated candidosis more than twice as often as control patients. In addition, patients with erysipelas, acne, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis showed a candidosis significantly more often (RR between 1.3 and 1.6). Some internistic maladies were investigated, too. In patients presenting with diabetes mellitus, heart-insufficiency, hypertension, chronic tonsillitis, and urinary tract infection a mucocutaneous Candida infection was significantly increased.
Insights
Mucocutaneous Candida infection is linked to numerous skin diseases, including dermatomyositis and bullous pemphigoid. This fungal infection also shows increased prevalence in patients with diabetes and hypertension.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Mycology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Mucocutaneous Candida infections are common but their association with various skin diseases requires further investigation.
- Understanding these associations can aid in early diagnosis and management of both fungal infections and underlying dermatological conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between mucocutaneous Candida infection and a wide range of skin diseases.
- To determine the relative risk of Candida infection in patients with specific dermatological and internistic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of clinical records from 44,695 dermatology in-patients.
- Calculation of age- and sex-adjusted relative risks (RR) for over eighty skin diseases.
- Comparison of Candida infection prevalence in patient groups versus control groups.
Main Results:
- Nearly 2000 patients (4.4%) had mucocutaneous candidosis, with 14.8% hospitalized for extensive infections.
- Significantly increased risk of Candida infection (RR > 3) observed in dermatomyositis, bullous pemphigoid, tinea inguinalis, and condylomata acuminata.
- Elevated risk (RR > 2) found in urticaria and folliculitis.
- Moderate increase in risk (RR 1.3-1.6) noted for erysipelas, acne, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis.
- Increased Candida infection prevalence also associated with diabetes mellitus, heart insufficiency, hypertension, chronic tonsillitis, and urinary tract infections.
Conclusions:
- Mucocutaneous Candida infection is significantly associated with a diverse spectrum of skin diseases.
- The study highlights specific dermatological conditions and common internistic comorbidities that present with a higher risk of Candida infection.
- Findings emphasize the importance of considering fungal infections in patients with these associated conditions.