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Macroevolutionary inferences from primate phylogeny

A Purvis1, S Nee, P H Harvey

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, U.K.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 22, 1995
PubMed
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New statistical methods reveal primate evolution patterns. Clade selection may explain increased speciation rates in Old World monkeys, challenging null models of evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Phylogenetics
  • Statistical modeling

Background:

  • Understanding the drivers of biodiversity and evolutionary patterns is crucial in evolutionary biology.
  • Previous models of cladogenesis often assume uniform speciation and extinction rates across lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test various models of cladogenesis using a comprehensive primate phylogeny.
  • To investigate whether speciation and extinction rates vary significantly among primate lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Application of novel statistical methods to a recent phylogenetic estimate of all living primate species.
  • Comparison of empirical data against null models of cladogenesis.

Main Results:

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  • Null models were inconsistent with the observed primate phylogeny.
  • Evidence suggests increased net cladogenesis rates in the Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) lineage, indicating potential clade selection.
  • Strepsirhini, Platyrrhini, and Hominoidea clades exhibited similar clade growth rates despite biological diversity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Speciation and extinction rates are not uniform across primate lineages, refuting simple null models.
    • Clade selection may be a significant factor in primate evolutionary history, particularly within Old World monkeys.
    • Convergent evolutionary rates observed in distinct primate clades warrant further investigation into underlying mechanisms.