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Related Experiment Videos

Bowel obstruction in cancer patients

E Tang1, J Davis, H Silberman

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Southern California (USC), School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA.

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Partial bowel obstruction in cancer patients often resolves with medical management, while surgery effectively relieves both partial and complete obstructions. Concurrent small and large bowel obstructions require evaluation of the entire intestinal tract.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Bowel obstruction is a common complication in patients with a history of cancer.
  • Understanding the efficacy of different interventions is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of various treatments for bowel obstruction in cancer patients.
  • To analyze factors influencing outcomes and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series conducted at a comprehensive cancer center.
  • Analysis of 81 episodes of intestinal obstruction in 61 patients.
  • Categorization of obstructions by location (small vs. large bowel), completeness, and cause (malignant vs. benign).

Main Results:

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  • Partial obstructions (49 episodes) showed a 45% resolution rate with medical management and 68% with surgery.
  • Complete obstructions (32 episodes) had a low resolution rate (3.8%) with conservative treatment but 76% success with surgery.
  • Malignant obstructions had a median survival of 4.7 months, with surgical intervention offering a median survival of 5.0 months.
  • Concurrent small and large bowel obstructions occurred in 8.2% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Partial bowel obstruction in cancer patients frequently resolves with medical management.
  • Surgical intervention is effective for both partial and complete obstructions, regardless of cause.
  • Complete obstruction has a poor prognosis with conservative management alone.
  • Evaluation of the entire intestinal tract is recommended due to concurrent obstructions.
  • Home parenteral nutrition can provide symptomatic relief for patients unsuitable for surgery.