Effect of sucrose and xylitol diets on dentin formation and caries in rat molars

To investigate the effects of a high sucrose diet and xylitol on secondary dentinogenesis and dentinal caries, a part of the sucrose in a high-cariogenic diet was replaced by xylitol. Fifty-four 3-wk-old Wistar rats were labeled with tetracycline and divided into groups. One group received a high sucrose diet (43% sucrose). In two other groups 5% and 20% of the sucrose was replaced by xylitol. A control group received non-cariogenic food. Six weeks later the mandibles were sectioned sagittally. Schiff staining was used to classify the caries, and the areas of dentin formed during the experiment and dentinal caries in first and second molars were measured planimetrically. The high sucrose diet reduced dentin formation of the molars, and this reduction was further increased by xylitol. Caries initiation and dentinal caries progression were significantly reduced by 20% xylitol, whereas only a slight reduction in caries progression was observed with 5% xylitol. Also, a negative correlation between the dentin formation and dentinal caries progression was observed in the high sucrose and 5% xylitol groups. In conclusion, xylitol together with high sucrose reduced dentin formation and dentinal caries progression, and the effect was dose-dependent.