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Related Experiment Videos

A new control volume method for calculating valvular regurgitation

P G Walker1, S Oyre, E M Pedersen

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.

Circulation
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method accurately measures heart valvular regurgitation using control volume theory. This approach overcomes limitations of existing methods, offering a more precise tool for in vitro and in vivo quantification.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular imaging
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Medical device technology

Background:

  • Current methods for quantifying valvular regurgitation rely on assumptions, limiting in vivo accuracy.
  • The proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method oversimplifies flow fields, restricting its applicability.
  • Control volume theory offers a more robust approach by minimizing assumptions about flow and orifice characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for measuring heart valvular regurgitation.
  • To utilize control volume theory and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for enhanced accuracy.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing quantification techniques, particularly the PISA method.

Main Methods:

  • Employed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to capture the 3D velocity field proximal to regurgitant orifices.

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  • Applied control volume theory to calculate flow rate by integrating velocity data over a defined volume.
  • Validated the method in vitro using steady and pulsatile flows and in vivo by measuring pig cardiac output.

    • Main Results:

    • MRI successfully measured 3D flow fields around various regurgitant orifice types.
    • Calculated flow rates demonstrated excellent correlation with actual flow rates (R=0.992).
    • In vivo pig cardiac output measurements using MRI closely agreed with thermodilution results.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel control volume theory-based MRI method provides highly accurate measurements of valvular regurgitation.
    • This technique offers a potentially superior approach for both in vitro and in vivo quantification.
    • The method's accuracy and reduced reliance on assumptions enhance its clinical applicability.