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Related Experiment Videos

Serotonin regulates mouse cranial neural crest migration

J R Moiseiwitsch1, J M Lauder

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 1, 1995
PubMed
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Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) influences craniofacial development by regulating neural crest cell migration. Low doses of 5-HT stimulate migration via the 5-HT1A receptor, while higher doses inhibit it.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Serotonergic agents induce craniofacial malformations in mouse embryos.
  • This suggests a crucial role for serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) in craniofacial development.
  • The underlying mechanisms may involve the regulation of cell migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if serotonergic regulation of cell migration contributes to craniofacial development.
  • To determine the effects of serotonin on cranial neural crest (NC) and mandibular mesenchyme cell migration.
  • To identify specific serotonin receptors involved in these migratory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Modified Boyden chamber assay to measure cell migration.
  • Used cranial neural crest explants and dissociated mandibular mesenchyme cells from mouse embryos.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Administered various concentrations of serotonin and selective 5-HT receptor antagonists (e.g., NAN-190).
  • Immunohistochemistry to detect 5-HT receptor expression on migrating cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Serotonin exhibited a dose-dependent effect on cranial NC cell migration: low concentrations stimulated, while high concentrations inhibited.
    • Serotonin primarily inhibited the migration of less motile mandibular mesenchyme cells.
    • The 5-HT1A receptor antagonist NAN-190 blocked serotonin's stimulatory effect on NC migration.
    • Immunohistochemistry confirmed the expression of the 5-HT1A receptor on migrating NC cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Serotonin (5-HT) plays a significant role in regulating cranial neural crest cell migration during embryonic development.
    • The 5-HT1A receptor is implicated in mediating the stimulatory effects of serotonin on neural crest cell migration.
    • These findings suggest a novel mechanism for serotonergic regulation of craniofacial development via cell migration.