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[Hiccups in adults]

J L Bizec1, S Launois, F Bolgert

  • 1S.O.S. Hoquet: Service de Pneumologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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Hiccoughs are involuntary spasms of the diaphragm and glottis. Chronic hiccoughs, lasting over 24 hours, often signal underlying organic issues, particularly esophageal problems, requiring etiological treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Hiccoughs involve involuntary inspiratory muscle contractions and glottic closure.
  • The precise pathophysiology of hiccoughs remains unclear.
  • Central nervous system involvement is suggested in hiccough control.

Purpose:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of hiccoughs.
  • To review clinical circumstances associated with acute and chronic hiccoughs.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying and treating underlying causes of chronic hiccoughs.

Summary:

  • Acute benign hiccoughs often resolve spontaneously or with simple maneuvers.
  • Chronic hiccoughs (persistent >24 hours) are rare and linked to diverse organic pathologies.
  • Esophageal causes are the most frequent underlying pathology for chronic hiccoughs.

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Impact:

  • Understanding hiccough pathophysiology can lead to better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
  • Identifying esophageal causes is crucial for managing chronic hiccoughs.
  • Aetiological treatment frequently leads to remission of chronic hiccough.