Laser biophysics for the orthopaedic surgeon

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Orthopaedic Surgery
• Laser Physics

Background:

• Lasers are increasingly utilized in various surgical fields.
• A gap exists in orthopaedic surgeons' understanding of laser physics and tissue interactions.
• This knowledge gap may limit the effective and safe application of lasers in orthopaedics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the theoretical and practical aspects of laser-tissue interaction.
• To elucidate basic laser terminology for orthopaedic surgeons.
• To enhance the understanding of lasers' potential and limitations in orthopaedic applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of theoretical and practical aspects of laser-tissue interaction.
• Compilation and explanation of fundamental laser physics terminology relevant to surgical practice.
• Synthesis of information to bridge the knowledge gap for orthopaedic surgeons.

Main Results:

• Detailed review of how different laser wavelengths and energy levels interact with biological tissues.
• Clear definitions of key laser terms such as absorption, scattering, reflection, and thermal effects.
• Discussion on specific orthopaedic applications and associated laser parameters.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive understanding of laser-tissue interactions is essential for safe and effective use.
• Familiarity with laser terminology empowers orthopaedic surgeons to critically evaluate laser technologies.
• This knowledge facilitates informed decision-making regarding the adoption and application of lasers in orthopaedic surgery.