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Published on: April 19, 2017
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 induction: a sensitive and quantitative marker for cardiac allograft rejection
H Ohtani1, H W Strauss, J F Southern
1First Department of Internal Medicine, Fukushima Medical College, Japan.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|September 1, 1995
Summary
Radioimmunoscintigraphy using anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) effectively detects early cardiac allograft rejection in rats. This method quantifies ICAM-1 induction, reflecting rejection severity before significant tissue damage occurs.
Area of Science:
- Transplantation immunology
- Medical imaging
- Biomarker detection
Background:
- Early detection of cardiac allograft rejection is crucial to prevent myocyte necrosis.
- Histologic examination of biopsies remains the standard for diagnosing rejection.
- Non-invasive methods for early rejection detection are needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate immunoscintigraphy targeting intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) for assessing cardiac allograft rejection in rats.
- To determine if ICAM-1 induction, a marker of rejection, can be visualized using radiolabeled antibodies.
Main Methods:
- Heterotopic heart transplantation was performed in rats (DA to PVG).
- Immunohistology confirmed ICAM-1 induction on allograft endothelial cells by day 4.
- Rats received 111In-labeled anti-ICAM-1 antibody, and planar images were acquired on day 5.
Main Results:
- Rejecting allografts showed increased radiotracer uptake by day 5, identifiable on scintigraphy.
- Non-rejecting allografts and isografts had no specific uptake.
- Scintigraphy correlated with histologic rejection severity, detecting mild rejection.
Conclusions:
- Radioimmunoscintigraphy quantitatively assesses ICAM-1 induction.
- This technique offers a sensitive, non-invasive method for early cardiac allograft rejection detection and assessment.
